Legal challenges of the international recognition and enforcement of decisions rendered through online arbitration (ODR)
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Keywords

online dispute resolution (ODR), online arbitration, New York Convention, recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards, seat of arbitration, electronic signature, due process, UNCITRAL.

How to Cite

Fayziyeva Iroda. (2026). Legal challenges of the international recognition and enforcement of decisions rendered through online arbitration (ODR). Kelajak Texnologiyalari Va sun’iy Intellekt, 1(7), 3-10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23248686

Abstract

This thesis analyzes the legal challenges of the international recognition and enforcement of decisions rendered through online arbitration (ODR) under the 1958 New York Convention. It examines the legal nature of ODR outcomes, the written form of arbitration agreements, the seat of arbitration, the electronic form and signature of awards, as well as issues related to due process and public policy. Uzbek legislation is compared with UNCITRAL instruments, and proposals are put forward to strengthen the legal framework for electronic forms, digitalize judicial procedures, and introduce minimum standards for ODR providers.

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References

I. Xalqaro normativ hujjatlar va standartlar

1. Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (New York, 1958). https://uncitral.un.org/en/texts/arbitration/conventions/foreign_arbitral_awards

2. UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration (1985), with amendments as adopted in 2006. https://uncitral.un.org/en/texts/arbitration/modellaw/commercial_arbitration

3. UNCITRAL (2006). Recommendation regarding the interpretation of article II, paragraph 2, and article VII, paragraph 1, of the New York Convention.

4. UNCITRAL (2017). Technical Notes on Online Dispute Resolution. United Nations, New York.

5. United Nations Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts (2005).

6. United Nations Convention on International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation (Singapore, 2018).

7. Seoul Protocol on Video Conferencing in International Arbitration (KCAB, 2020).

8. ICCA-NYC Bar-CPR Protocol on Cybersecurity in International Arbitration (2020).

9. ICANN (1999). Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy (UDRP).

II. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi normativ-huquqiy hujjatlari

10. O‘zbekiston Respublikasining Qonuni (2021-yil 16-fevral, O‘RQ-674). Xalqaro tijorat arbitraji to‘g‘risida. https://lex.uz/docs/5698676

11. O‘zbekiston Respublikasining “Elektron hujjat aylanishi to‘g‘risida”gi hamda “Elektron raqamli imzo to‘g‘risida”gi qonunlari. https://lex.uz

III. Kitoblar va monografiyalar

12. Born, G. (2021). International Commercial Arbitration. 3rd Edition. Kluwer Law International.

13. Hörnle, J. (2009). Cross-border Internet Dispute Resolution. Cambridge University Press.

14. Katsh, E., & Rabinovich-Einy, O. (2017). Digital Justice: Technology and the Internet of Disputes. Oxford University Press.

15. Kaufmann-Kohler, G., & Schultz, T. (2004). Online Dispute Resolution: Challenges for Contemporary Justice. Kluwer Law International.

16. Rainey, D., Katsh, E., & Abdel Wahab, M. S. (Eds.). (2021). Online Dispute Resolution: Theory and Practice. 2nd Edition. Eleven International Publishing.

17. Van den Berg, A. J. (1981). The New York Arbitration Convention of 1958. Kluwer Law and Taxation Publishers.

18. Wang, F. F. (2018). Online Arbitration. Routledge.