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Abstract
Kidney transplantation is the most effective treatment for end-stage chronic kidney disease, significantly improving patient survival and quality of life. However, even after successful transplantation, there remains a risk of graft dysfunction, including acute and chronic rejection, interstitial fibrosis, and tubular atrophy. Therefore, an important task in clinical nephrology is the early detection of pathological changes in the transplanted kidney and prediction of its function. Kidney biopsy remains the traditional “gold standard” for diagnosing structural changes in the transplant. However, this method is invasive and associated with the risk of complications, which limits the possibility of its frequent use. Therefore, non-invasive imaging methods are being actively developed, among which ultrasound elastography occupies a special place. One of the most promising technologies is Point Shear Wave Elastography (pSWE), which enables quantitative assessment of renal parenchymal stiffness and, thereby, indirect evaluation of the degree of fibrosis and other pathological changes.