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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus represents a growing public health challenge in Uzbekistan, contributing to the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which account for over 80% of total mortality. This review article employs qualitative analysis to examine trends in diabetes prevalence, associated risk factors, and the effectiveness of current policies. Data were collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and reports from the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), Global Burden of Disease (GBD), World Health Organization (WHO), and national sources, with comparisons to selected countries.
The findings indicate a rapid increase in diabetes prevalence, rising from approximately 813,000 cases in 2011 to 1.5 million in 2024, with projections reaching 2.2 million by 2050. A significant proportion of cases (74%) remain undiagnosed. The burden of disease, measured by disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), has increased markedly, with notable regional disparities. Key risk factors include obesity, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, and hypertension, alongside limited awareness and inadequate screening.
Despite ongoing national programs, challenges such as insufficient treatment coverage, outdated registries, and gaps in preventive care persist. Strengthening early detection, improving primary healthcare, and implementing targeted prevention strategies are essential to mitigate the growing impact of diabetes in Uzbekistan.
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