Abstract
This article examines the development of comprehensive measures to improve the working conditions of agricultural mechanizers. Based on the analysis of agricultural machinery operation processes, the study identifies the main harmful factors affecting mechanizers, including noise, vibration, dust-gas mixtures, microclimate parameters, lighting conditions, and psychophysiological workload. Instrumental measurements were used to assess cabin temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, noise level, and whole-body vibration during working operations. The results showed that, at certain periods of the working day, the noise level exceeded the 80 dBA limit, vibration exceeded the threshold value of 0.56 m/s², and summer microclimate parameters deviated from comfortable working conditions. The article proposes scientific and practical measures such as technical modernization, ergonomic improvement, optimization of work-rest schedules, provision of personal protective equipment, strengthening of technical maintenance, and implementation of the “Smart Cabin Controller” digital monitoring system. The proposed integrated approach contributes to protecting mechanizers’ health, reducing occupational disease risks, increasing productivity, and ensuring safer agricultural operations.
References
1. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Mehnat kodeksi. – Toshkent, 2023.
2. O‘zbekiston Respublikasining “Mehnatni muhofaza qilish to‘g‘risida”gi Qonuni.
3. GOST 12.0.003-2015. Mehnat xavfsizligi standartlari tizimi. Xavfli va zararli ishlab chiqarish omillari.
4. GOST 12.1.005-88. Ish zonasi havosiga qo‘yiladigan umumiy sanitariya-gigiyena talablari.
5. SanQvaN-0325-16. Ish joylarida shovqin darajasiga qo‘yiladigan gigiyenik talablar.
6. ISO 2631-1:1997. Mechanical vibration and shock — Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration.
7. ISO 4254-1:2020. Agricultural machinery — Safety — General requirements.
8. International Labour Organization. Safety and Health in Agriculture. Geneva: ILO.
9. Food and Agriculture Organization. Agricultural Mechanization in Developing Countries. Rome: FAO.
10. Tursunov Sh. Qishloq xo‘jaligi texnikalarida ergonomika masalalari. – Toshkent, 2022.
11. Qodirov Q.X., Shodmonov A. Qishloq xo‘jaligi texnikalarida mehnat xavfsizligi asoslari. – Toshkent, 2020.
12. Brown L., Martin J. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Agricultural Machinery. Elsevier, 2022.